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BOTFLY MYIASIS IS MOSTLY CAUGHT IN LATIN AMERICA
THIS NEWSLETTER IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. NOTHING IN THIS CONTENT CONSTITUTES MEDICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, OR PROFESSIONAL ADVICE. ALWAYS CONSULT A QUALIFIED HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONAL BEFORE MAKING ANY HEALTH RELATED DECISIONS.
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THE NAME AND THE NUMBERS 📊
The Word Myiasis Comes From The Greek Word For Fly
A 2012 Review Says It Was First Proposed By Hope
Hope Used It For Diseases Of Humans Caused By Fly Larvae
In Travelers To Tropical America One Fly Is The Most Common Cause
That Fly Is The Human Botfly
Its Scientific Name Is Dermatobia Hominis
The Name Is Credited To Linnaeus Junior In 1781
Botfly Infestation Goes By Several Local Names
Tórsalo And Berne Are Two Of Them
In Mexico It Is Called Moyocuil Or Colmoyote
Both Mexican Terms Mean Mosquito Worm
The Human Botfly Ranges From Mexico Through Central To South America
A Florida Guide Ends The Range At Paraguay And Northeast Argentina
Records From Israeli Travelers Show Where Myiasis Is Caught
Travel Clinics In Israel Recorded Cases From 1999 To July 2014
They Saw 6,867 Ill Returning Israeli Travelers
Of Those 1,419 Had A Skin Complaint
Myiasis Was Diagnosed In 90 Of Them Or 6.3%
In Travelers The Usual Form Comes From The Botfly Or Tumbu Fly
Latin America Was The Source For 72 Of The 90 Patients
The Main Site Was Madidi National Park In Bolivia
Africa Accounted For The Other 18 Cases
A 2016 Paper Reviewing 1999 To 2015 Names Three Countries
Belize Bolivia And Brazil Had The Highest Infection Rates In Travelers
The 2012 Review Calls Epidemiological Data On Human Myiasis Scant
Reporting Cases Is Not Usually Required
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WHO CARRIES THE EGGS 🦟
The Adult Botfly Is A Hairy Fly With A Bumblebee Appearance
A Florida Guide Gives Its Length As 12 To 18 Millimeters
It Describes A Metallic Blue Abdomen And Orange Legs
The Fly Is Not Known To Transmit Disease Causing Pathogens
During Its Adult Stage The Fly Does Not Feed
A Peru Paper Says Poor Mouthparts Leave Females Unable To Bite
For That Reason Females Capture Other Flies To Lay Eggs On
So The Eggs Usually Reach A Host On Another Insect
That Method Of Egg Delivery Is Called Phoresis
The 2012 Review Says A Psorophora Mosquito Is Usually The Carrier
Females Hold The Carrier Still By Its Wings Using Their Legs
A Cattle Review Says They Attach 15 To 30 Eggs To Its Abdomen
That Review Puts Each Female At 100 To 400 Eggs
In The Peru Paper The Eggs Per Carrier Vary With Its Size
More Than Fifty Fly Species Are Considered Egg Carriers There
Psorophora Or Stomoxys Are The Main Ones In The Cattle Review
Next Come Aedes Mosquitoes Horn Flies House Flies And Horse Flies
Nonbiting Flies Of The Muscid Family Can Also Carry The Eggs
Those Flies Feed On Liquids Such As Sweat
Carriers Vary With Microclimate And Geographic Location
A Mosquito Survey In São Paulo Brazil Ran From January To April 2010
It Collected 6,902 Specimens
Of Those 15 Females Carried Botfly Eggs
They Belonged To Four Different Mosquito Species
None Of The Four Was A Psorophora Mosquito
The Peru Paper Found One Psorophora Ferox With 8 Botfly Eggs
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THE BOTFLY LIFE CYCLE 🔄
After 1 Week The Egg Carrier May Approach A Warm Blooded Animal
The Heat Of That Animal Induces The Larva To Hatch
Once Hatched It Has 20 Days To Find A Host
A First Stage Larva Enters The Skin Painlessly
Some Patients May Feel Itching As It Enters
The Larva Can Enter Through A Small Wound A Bite Or A Hair Follicle
Getting In Takes 5 To 60 Minutes According To The Cattle Review
Afterwards The Larva Reaches The Dermis
A Typical Lesion Has Only One Larva
Inside The Host The Larva Goes Through Three Stages
A Florida Guide Describes A Different Shape For Each Stage
First Stage Larvae Are Worm Shaped With A Bulbous End
Second Stage Larvae Have A Bottle Neck Shape
Third Stage Larvae Are Cylinder Shaped
The 2012 Review Puts The Stay In The Host At 5 To 10 Weeks
In The Florida Guide It Is Five To 12 Weeks Instead
The Peru Paper Says Larval Growth Is Done In 30 To 40 Days
Once Grown The Larva Leaves At Night Or Early Morning
It Never Leaves In The Afternoon According To The Cattle Review
The Larva Then Pupates In The Soil
Pupae Do Not Feed According To The Florida Guide
Adults Emerge Two To Three Weeks After Pupation Per That Guide
The Cattle Review Gives 3 To 5 Weeks Depending On Weather
In The Peru Paper The Pupal Stage Lasts 30 To 120 Days
A Female Lives 8 To 9 Days According To The Cattle Review
During Those Days She Lays Eggs On One Carrier After Another
