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SMALL STUDIES FOUND ONLY NARROW DIFFERENCES IN ARSONISTS
Arson Is The Crime Of Setting A Fire On Purpose
Researchers Have Looked For Biological Differences In People Who Do It
Some Of That Work Measured Chemicals In The Fluid Around The Brain
One Of Them Is Left Behind When Serotonin Breaks Down
Other Work Tested How Offenders Performed On Thinking Tasks
Both Kinds Of Study Did Find Differences In Arsonists
Each One Measured Only A Small Group Of People
Neither Study Showed That Those Differences Caused Anyone To Set Fires
THIS NEWSLETTER IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY. NOTHING IN THIS CONTENT CONSTITUTES MEDICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, OR PROFESSIONAL ADVICE. ALWAYS CONSULT A QUALIFIED HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONAL BEFORE MAKING ANY HEALTH RELATED DECISIONS.
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WHAT THE SPINAL FLUID STUDY MEASURED 🔬
The First Study Was Published In 1987
It Included 20 Arsonists
Another 20 Were Habitually Violent Offenders
Ten Healthy Volunteers Formed The Comparison Group
Those Volunteers Were Hospital Inpatients
The Offenders Had Been In Prison For About Six Months On Average
Each Person Gave A Sample Of Cerebrospinal Fluid
That Is The Clear Fluid Around The Brain And Spinal Cord
The Usual Way To Collect It Is A Lumbar Puncture
A Lumbar Puncture Is Also Called A Spinal Tap
The Researchers Measured Two Chemicals In That Fluid
One Was 5-Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid Known As 5-HIAA
5-HIAA Is A Breakdown Product Of Serotonin
The Other Was 3-Methoxy-4-Hydroxyphenylglycol Known As MHPG
Both Chemicals Were Lower In The Arsonists Than In Either Other Group
That Was True In The Raw Numbers
It Stayed True After Adjusting For Age And Height
Sex And The Season Of The Test Were Adjusted For As Well
Leaving Out Arsonists With Violent Suicide Attempts Changed Nothing
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WHAT THE FLUID RESULT DID NOT SHOW 💧
The Two Chemicals Did Not Correlate With Fire Setting Severity
A Blood Sugar Measure Did Correlate With It
That Measure Was The Lowest Point In An Oral Glucose Test
It Reflects A Tendency Toward Low Blood Sugar
The Authors Then Drew A Wider Conclusion
They Linked Low Levels To Poor Impulse Control In Criminal Offenders
That Conclusion Named Offenders In General Rather Than Arsonists
The Healthy Comparison Group Also Had Only Ten People
A Later Study Looked Again At 5-HIAA And Impulsivity
Its Lead Author Worked At The University Of Helsinki In Finland
It Took Place On A Forensic Psychiatry Ward
Researchers Studied Forty Three Impulsive Offenders With Alcoholism
Another 15 Offenders With Alcoholism Were Not Impulsive
21 Healthy Volunteers Took Part As Well
Healthy Volunteers Had 5-HIAA Levels Between The Two Offender Groups
Nonimpulsive Offenders Had Higher Levels Than Everyone Else
The Authors Tied Low 5-HIAA Mainly To Impulsivity
So Low 5-HIAA Did Not Simply Mark Someone As An Offender
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WHAT THE THINKING TESTS FOUND 🧠
Another Arson Study Was Published In 2002
It Compared Three Groups Of Offenders
All Of Them Were Detained In Maximum Security Hospitals
It Included 27 Violent Offenders And 20 Sex Offenders
The Third Group Was 13 Arson Offenders
Age And Intelligence Scores Did Not Differ Significantly
Their Education Levels Were Also Similar
Every Patient Met The Criteria For A Personality Disorder
They Completed A Set Of Frontal And Temporal Lobe Tests
Scores Were Similar Across The Groups On Nearly All Of Them
The Wisconsin Card Sort Test Was The One Exception
Arsonists Made More Perseverative Errors On That Test
That Kind Of Error Means Reusing A Sorting Rule After It Changes
Anxiety And Depression Scores Could Not Explain That Difference
That Result Came From A Group Of 13 People
The Fluid Study Relied On 20 Arsonists
One Test Out Of A Full Set Is A Single Difference
Both Arson Studies Were Small And Their Differences Were Narrow
